Rhabdomyosarcoma
Location of rhabdomyosarcoma lymph node metastases, from Campbell's
Preop rhabdomyosarcoma staging, from Campbell's
Postop rhabdomyosarcoma clinical grouping, from Campbell's
Rhabdomyosarcoma risk stratification (includes preop staging and postop clinical group), from Campbell's
Bladder and Prostate
- Most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, third most common pediatric solid tumor (5-15% all tumors), 5-10% occur in bladder/prostate
- Symptoms: retention, urgency, frequency, incontinence, hematuria, occasionally prolapse via urethra
- Stage with CT/MR A/P, CT chest - bone scan and marrow biopsy/aspirate may be indicated
- Management: diagnostic biopsy (usually unresectable at presentation), chemo/XRT
- Residual mass does not necessarily represent residual tumor and may not require removal
Female Genital
- Incidence: vaginal -> cervical/uterine -> vulvar/clitoral
- Presents with vaginal bleeding, discharge, or protruding mass
- Management: biopsy, chemotherapy, possible surgery as indicated
Paratesticular
- 7-10% all GU RMS, 40% all paratesticular lesions
- Present with painless scrotal mass, heterogenous solid mass on US
- Staging: STMs, LFTs, CT C/A/P (20% have LN metastases)
- Management: inguinal orchiectomy, RPLND warranted if < 10yo and positive nodes, all > 10yo require RPLND
References
- AUA Core Curriculum
- Baskin, Laurence S. Handbook of pediatric urology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018.
- Ferrer, F. "Pediatric Urologic Oncology: Bladder and Testis." Campbell-Walsh Urology 12 (2020).
- Wieder JA: Pocket Guide to Urology. Sixth Edition. J.Wieder Medical: Oakland, CA, 2021.