Urology: A Functional, Pragmatic Guide

The amount of information in urology can be overwhelming at times. As my neurology attending once said, "it's difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff." In order to keep track of the many nuances, I've decided to put together a practical reference on where else but my own website. I'm hoping it'll serve as a reminder of the many informational nuggets I use on a daily basis, and maybe even a helpful guide for others.

NOTE: The information here is accessible through textbooks, websites, and other resources. It is not meant to act as a diagnostic or treatment tool for patients. This website does not substitute as patient-specific medical advice. If you have questions, you should see your PCP, urologist, or go to the ED for further evaluation.

GENERAL UROLOGY

GU ANATOMY TIPS

IMAGING: CT + XR + NM, MR + US, CONTRAST REACTIONS

PERIOPERATIVE CARE: PRE-OP, INTRA-OP, POST-OP

LAPAROSCOPIC/ROBOTIC SURGERY

GU TUBES: STENTS and PCNS, CATHETER PLACEMENT AND TROUBLESHOOTING, CHRONIC URETHRAL AND SUPRAPUBIC CATHETERS

URINALYSIS FINDINGS: HEMATURIA EVALUATION, MANAGEMENT OF GROSS HEMATURIA AND HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS, STERILE PYURIA AND OTHER UA FINDINGS

PREGNANCY: NORMAL FINDINGS AND PREVENTING PROBLEMS, UTI AND STONES, SPECIFIC UROLOGIC CONDITIONS

UROLOGY-ADJACENT ISSUES: NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION AND AKI, RENOVASCULAR HTN, RENAL TRANSPLANTS

IMPORTANT UROLOGY STUDIES


INFECTIONS AND INFLAMMATION

URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS: WORKING UP A UTI, ANTIBIOTICS, LOWER TRACT INFECTIONS, UPPER TRACT INFECTIONS, RECURRENT UTIS

OTHER INFECTIONS: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, NON-STI GENITAL INFECTIONS, FUNGAL INFECTIONS, TUBERCULOSIS (AND MALAKOPLAKIA), PARASITIC INFECTIONS

INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS: PROSTATITIS, EPIDIDYMOORCHITIS, INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS/BLADDER PAIN SYNDROME

DERMATOLOGIC PATHOLOGIES: AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, BENIGN SKIN FINDINGS, HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA, PENILE CALCIPHYLAXIS


ONCOLOGY

PROSTATE CANCER: SCREENING, LOCALIZED, METASTATIC

UROTHELIAL CANCER: BLADDER CANCER EVALUATION, NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER, MUSCLE INVASIVE AND METASTATIC BLADDER CANCER, UPPER TRACT CANCER, URETHRAL CANCER

KIDNEY CANCER: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT

TESTIS CANCER: INITIAL EVALUATION AND ORCHIECTOMY, POST-ORCHIECTOMY MANAGEMENT, NON-GERM CELL TUMOR TESTIS CANCERS

ADRENAL MASSES: EVALUATION OF ADRENAL MASSES AND NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY, METABOLICALLY ACTIVE ADRENAL MASSES (INCLUDING PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA), BENIGN AND MALIGNANT ADRENAL MASSES

OTHER UROLOGIC CANCERS: PENILE CANCER, GENITOURINARY SARCOMAS


KIDNEY STONES

MEDICAL WORKUP AND MANAGEMENT: EVALUATION AND WORKUP, DIETARY AND MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT: PRE/POST MANAGEMENT, OPTIONS: URS, PCNL, ESWL, LOWER TRACT STONES


LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS

NON-NEUROGENIC LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS: NORMAL VOIDING AND INCONTINENCE, CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF VOIDING DYSFUNCTION, NOCTURIA, DETRUSOR UNDERACTIVITY, PELVIC FLOOR DYSFUNCTION

URODYNAMICS: TERMINOLOGY AND NORMAL FINDINGS, ABNORMAL FINDINGS

BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT

OVERACTIVE BLADDER: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT

NEUROMUSCULAR LOWER URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION: EVALUATION AND RISK CLASSIFICATION, GENERAL MANAGEMENT AND SPECIFIC ISSUES, SPECIFIC CAUSES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT


Reconstructive Urology

FEMALE STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE

MALE URETHRAL STRICTURES

PRIAPISM

FISTULÆ

DIVERTICULA (BLADDER + FEMALE URETHRA)

USE OF INTESTINE FOR GU SURGERY

MALE POST-PROSTATECTOMY INCONTINENCE: EVALUATION, TREATMENTS

PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT

PEYRONIE DISEASE: EVALUATION, MANAGEMENT

TRAUMA: UPPER TRACT, LOWER TRACT, GENITAL

UPPER TRACT OBSTRUCTION: UPPER TRACT OBSTRUCTION EVALUATION, UPJ OBSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT, URETERAL STRICTURE MANAGEMENT


Reproduction

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION: EVALUATION, TREATMENT

MALE INFERTILITY: EVALUATION, SPECIFIC DIAGNOSES, MANAGEMENT

LOW TESTOSTERONE: EVALUATION, TREATMENT

FEMALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION: EVALUATION, FEMALE SEXUAL INTEREST DISORDER, OTHER DISORDERS

MALE EJACULATION: NORMAL, PREMATURE, ABSENT, OTHER DISORDERS

TRANSGENDER CARE


Pediatrics

VOIDING DYSFUNCTION: GENERAL EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT, ENURESIS, BOWEL DYSFUNCTION, UTIs, VESICOURETERAL REFLUX, NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS

UPPER TRACT ABNORMALITIES: CYSTIC DISEASES, STONES, HYDRONEPHROSIS, CONGENITAL ANOMALIES, CKD + TRANSPLANTS

LOWER TRACT ABNORMALITIES: EAGLE-BARRETT SYNDROME, EXSTROPHY, POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVES, OTHER BLADDER ABNORMALITIES

GENITAL CONDITIONS: UNDESCENDED TESTICLE, OTHER SCROTAL ABNORMALITIES, PENILE, FEMALE

PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES: TORSION, HEMATURIA, ABUSE, TRAUMA

DISORDERS OF SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION: OVERVIEW, XX DSD, XY DSD, OTHER DSD

ONCOLOGY: RENAL + ADRENAL, BLADDER + OVARY + TESTIS, RHABDOMYOSARCOMA


Urologic Surgeries

CANCER: RADICAL + PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY, CYSTECTOMY, PROSTATECTOMY, PENECTOMY, RADICAL ORCHIECTOMY + RPLND, TURBT

BPH SURGERY: ENDOSCOPIC, SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY

STONES: URETEROSCOPY, PCNL, STENTS

BENIGN GU TRACT SURGERY: UPPER TRACT OBSTRUCTION (PYELOPLASTY + REIMPLANT), AUGMENT + APV, STRICTURE

BENIGN SCROTAL SURGERY: VASECTOMY, HYDROCELECTOMY, MICROTESE + VARICOCELECTOMY, ORCHIOPEXY

BENIGN PENILE SURGERY: CIRCUMCISION, PENILE PROSTHESIS, HYPOSPADIAS, PLICATION

INCONTINENCE: MALE + FEMALE SLINGS, ARTIFICIAL SPHINCTER, BULKING AGENTS

PROLAPSE: VAGINAL REPAIR, SACROCOLPOPEXY


Helpful Urology Resources

AUA website: Contains tons of urologic resources, including the guidelines and core curriculum, covering (almost) all urology topics. Has a good med student curriculum too. May require a login for some sections.

UroResident.com: Seems to be a work-in-progress website to help residents in urology cite useful resources and understand certain procedures. May be helpful!

Radiopaedia.org: I haven't included any imaging on the website because I don't know what the rules/regulations are on sharing images that aren't mine. Radiopaedia is probably an even better resource, with plenty of images to make up for my slacking.