Hematuria Evaluation

Microscopic hematuria algorithm, from AUA Guidelines

Assessing hematuria risks

Epidemiology

Risk factors

Hematuria workup

Risk Groups

Risk Needs all criteria? Age Smoking
(packyears)
# RBC
(UA x1)
Urothelial cancer
risk factors*
Prior hematuria Probability malignant cause Recommendations
Low Yes Women < 50
Men < 40
< 10 3-10 None No 0.2-0.5% Repeat UA in 6mo, OR...
Cysto + renal US
Intermediate No Women 50-59
Men 40-59
10-30 11-25 1+ Persistent 3-10 RBC 1.3-1.6% Cysto + renal US
High No 60+ > 30 > 25 - Gross 10.8-11.1% Cysto + CTU

*Risk factors include increased age, male, prior smoking, irritative voiding symptoms, prior pelvic radiation, prior cyclophosphamide, history urothelial cancer or Lynch syndrome, prior occupational exposures, and chronic indwelling foreign body

Considerations

Workup components

Follow-up

References